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NVIDIA NCP-AIN 認定試験の出題範囲：

トピック	出題範囲
トピック 1	InfiniBand Configuration, Optimization, Security, and Troubleshooting: This section of the exam measures skills of Data Center Network Administrators and covers the configuration and operational maintenance of NVIDIA InfiniBand switches. It includes setting up InfiniBand fabrics for multi-tenant environments, managing subnet configurations, testing connectivity, and using UFM to troubleshoot and analyze issues. It also focuses on validating rail-optimized topologies for optimal network performance.
トピック 2	Architecture: This section of the exam measures skills of AI Infrastructure Architects and covers the ability to distinguish between AI factory and AI data center architectures. It includes understanding how Ethernet and InfiniBand differ in performance and application, and identifying the right storage options based on speed, scalability, and cost to fit AI networking needs.
トピック 3	Spectrum-X Configuration, Optimization, Security, and Troubleshooting: This section of the exam measures skills of Network Performance Engineers and covers configuring, managing, and securing NVIDIA Spectrum-X switches. It includes setting performance baselines, resolving performance issues, and using diagnostic tools such as CloudAI benchmark, NCCL, and NetQ. It also emphasizes leveraging DPUs for network acceleration and using monitoring tools like Grafana and SNMP for telemetry analysis.

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NVIDIA-Certified Professional AI Networking 認定 NCP-AIN 試験問題 (Q28-Q33):

質問 # 28
In Cumulus Linux, which technology enables the ability to provide active-active redundancy to servers, without the need for direct inter-switch links?

A. VSS
B. MLAG
C. EVPN Multi-homing

正解：C

解説：
EVPN Multi-homingenablesactive-active redundancy without inter-switch linksby usingoverlay routing over VXLAN and distributed control plane using BGP EVPN.
From the officialNVIDIA Cumulus Linux EVPN Multihoming Documentation:
"EVPN multihoming allows multiple Top-of-Rack (ToR) switches to connect to the same server while maintaining full layer-2 redundancy without the need for inter-switch links or traditional MLAG configuration." Key benefits:
* Simplified topology (no ISL/peer-link needed)
* BGP-based control plane
* Fast convergence
* Active-active links per host NIC
Incorrect Options:
* MLAGrequires ISL between switches and peer-link configuration.
* VSS(Virtual Switching System) is a Cisco term, not supported in NVIDIA networking.
Reference: Cumulus Linux Docs - EVPN Multihoming

質問 # 29
As the network administrator for a large-scale AI research cluster, you are responsible for ensuring seamless data flow across an InfiniBand east-west fabric that interconnects hundreds of compute nodes.
Which tool would you use to trace and discover the network paths between nodes on this InfiniBand east-west fabric?

A. ibnetdiscover
B. tracert
C. ibpathverify
D. NetQ

正解：A

解説：
The ibnetdiscover utility is used to perform InfiniBand subnet discovery and outputs a human-readable topology file. GUIDs, node types, and port numbers are displayed, as well as port LIDs and node descriptions.
All nodes and links are displayed, providing a full topology. This utility can also be used to list the current connected nodes. The output is printed to the standard output unless a topology file is specified.
InfiniBand is a high-performance, low-latency interconnect technology used in AI and HPC data centers, particularly for east-west traffic between compute nodes in large-scale fabrics. Ensuring seamless data flow requires tools to troubleshoot and monitor the network, including the ability to trace and discover network paths between nodes. The question asks for the specific tool used to trace and discover paths in an InfiniBand fabric, which is a key task in InfiniBand troubleshooting.
According to NVIDIA's official InfiniBand documentation, the ibnetdiscover tool is designed to discover and map the topology of an InfiniBand fabric, including the paths between nodes. It scans the fabric, queries the subnet manager, and generates a topology map that details the connections between switches, Host Channel Adapters (HCAs), and other devices. This tool is essential for verifying connectivity, identifying routing paths, and troubleshooting issues like misconfigured routes or link failures in large-scale InfiniBand fabrics.
Exact Extract from NVIDIA Documentation:
"The ibnetdiscover tool is used to discover the InfiniBand fabric topology and generate a map of the network.
It queries the subnet manager to retrieve information about all nodes, switches, and links in the fabric, providing a detailed view of the paths between nodes. This tool is critical for troubleshooting connectivity issues and ensuring proper routing in InfiniBand networks."
-NVIDIA InfiniBand Networking Guide
This extract confirms that ibnetdiscover is the correct tool for discovering network paths in an InfiniBand east- west fabric. It provides a comprehensive view of the fabric's topology, enabling administrators to trace paths between compute nodes and ensure seamless data flow.
Reference:InfiniBand Fabric Utilities - NVIDIA Docs

質問 # 30
You are using NVIDIA Air to simulate a Spectrum-X network for AI workloads. You want to ensure that your network configurations are optimal before deployment.
Which NVIDIA tool can be integrated with Air to validate network configurations in the digital twin environment?

A. NetQ
B. GPU Cloud
C. DOCA
D. Spectrum-X Manager

正解：A

解説：
NVIDIA NetQ is a highly scalable network operations toolset that provides visibility, troubleshooting, and validation of networks in real-time. It delivers actionable insights and operational intelligence about the health of data center networks-from the container or host all the way to the switch and port-enabling a NetDevOps approach.
NetQ can be used as the functional test platform for the network CI/CD in conjunction with NVIDIA Air.
Customers benefit from testing the new configuration with NetQ in the NVIDIA Air environment ("digital twin") and fix errors before deploying to their production.

質問 # 31
In which mode of the BlueField DPU does the ARM system on the DPU control the NIC data path, but allow access to the DPU OS from the host?

A. DPU mode
B. Restricted mode
C. NIC mode
D. Separated Host mode

正解：A

質問 # 32
Which of the following scenarios would the Network Traffic Map in UFM be least useful for troubleshooting?

A. When investigating reports of network congestion or latency problems.
B. When troubleshooting a single node's hardware failure.
C. When optimizing job placement and workload distribution across the cluster.
D. After making changes to network configuration.

正解：B

解説：
The Network Traffic Map in NVIDIA's Unified Fabric Manager (UFM) provides a visual representation of the network topology and traffic flows, which is particularly useful for identifying congestion points, verifying network configurations, and optimizing workload distribution.
However, when troubleshooting a single node's hardware failure, the Network Traffic Map is less effective, as it focuses on network-level issues rather than individual hardware components.

質問 # 33
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