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AGA GAFRB Exam Syllabus Topics:

Topic	Details
Topic 1	Federal Financial Accounting and Reporting: This section of the exam measures skills of government financial analysts and covers the roles of FASAB, OMB, Treasury, and GAO in federal accounting. It includes an understanding of federal budgetary terminology and the federal budgetary equation. The section differentiates between budgetary and proprietary accounting and outlines the structure and use of various federal fund types. It explains how to record key budgetary transactions like appropriations and obligations and proprietary transactions such as payroll and depreciation.
Topic 2	Governmental Financial Accounting, Reporting and Budgeting: General Knowledge:This section of the exam measures skills of government financial analysts and covers the unique aspects of governmental accounting that distinguish it from private sector practices, such as service over profit and the critical role of the budget. It emphasizes the objectives of financial reporting in the public sector, the role of standard-setting bodies like GASB, FASB, FASAB, and IPSASB, and the due process for setting accounting standards. It also includes knowledge of interperiod equity, budgetary compliance, sustainability, and the characteristics of quality financial information.
Topic 3	State and Local Financial Accounting and Reporting: This section of the exam measures skills of public sector accountants and focuses on applying GASB standards to define reporting entities and component units. It explores the structure and purpose of various fund types and the basis of accounting for each. Candidates must understand the format and content of the Annual Comprehensive Financial Report and the purpose of popular reports for public transparency.

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AGA Examination 2: Governmental Accounting, Financial Reporting and Budgeting (GAFRB) Sample Questions (Q97-Q102):

NEW QUESTION # 97
When determining the full costs of a specific product or service, if the costs cannot be directly traced to the product or service, the costs should be assigned based upon

A. an incremental or marginal relationship.
B. a direct labor relationship.
C. an opportunity cost approach.
D. a cause-and-effect relationship between resource costs and outputs.

Answer: D

Explanation:
When full costs cannot be directly traced to a product or service, indirect costs must be allocated using a rational and systematic basis. The preferred method is to use a cause-and-effect relationship between the resource consumed and the output generated. This aligns with cost accounting principles under FASAB SFFAS No. 4 and managerial accounting frameworks.
Other options, such as direct labor or opportunity cost approaches, may be helpful in specific settings but do not meet the standard requirement for full cost allocation.
Relevant References:
FASAB SFFAS No. 4 - Managerial Cost Accounting Standards
OMB Circular A-136 - Full Cost Accounting
GAO Cost Estimating and Assessment Guide
D). a cause-and-effect relationship between resource costs and outputs

NEW QUESTION # 98
Funds collected and spent to carry out an unemployment program established by federal statute are deposited in

A. general funds.
B. trust funds.
C. revolving funds.
D. enterprise funds.

Answer: B

Explanation:
Unemployment programs, such as those established by federal law (e.g., Unemployment Insurance), are typically funded through employment taxes and administered through federal trust funds. These funds are earmarked for specific purposes and are deposited into trust fund accounts, which are fiduciary in nature and maintained to provide benefits under the terms of a law or trust agreement.
The Unemployment Trust Fund is a specific example maintained by the U.S. Department of the Treasury.
Relevant References:
FASAB SFFAS No. 27 - Identifying and Reporting Earmarked Funds
Treasury Financial Manual - Trust Fund Accounts
GAO Glossary - Trust Fund Definition
C). trust funds

NEW QUESTION # 99
The objectives of federal financial reporting include all of the following EXCEPT

A. budgetary integrity.
B. systems and control.
C. stewardship.
D. mission readiness.

Answer: D

Explanation:
Comprehensive Detailed Explanation:
According to FASAB's Objectives of Federal Financial Reporting (Statements of Federal Financial Accounting Concepts, particularly SFFAC No. 1), the four major objectives of federal financial reporting are:
Budgetary Integrity
Operating Performance
Stewardship
Systems and Control
Mission readiness is not one of the core federal financial reporting objectives under FASAB standards, although it may be a goal of some federal agencies operationally (e.g., DOD), it is not one of the defined financial reporting objectives.
C). mission readiness
Relevant References:
FASAB SFFAC No. 1 - Objectives of Federal Financial Reporting
FASAB Handbook of Accounting Standards and Other Pronouncements

NEW QUESTION # 100
Which type of cost is generally allowed for a grant under the OMB Uniform Guidance?

A. materials and supplies
B. general government expenses
C. lobbying expenses
D. interest payments

Answer: A

Explanation:
Under OMB's Uniform Administrative Requirements, Cost Principles, and Audit Requirements for Federal Awards (Uniform Guidance), allowable costs under federal grants must be:
Necessary and reasonable for program performance
Allocable to the grant
In accordance with generally accepted accounting principles
Not otherwise unallowable
Materials and supplies directly benefiting the grant are generally allowable. In contrast, lobbying, interest payments, and general governmental costs not tied to the grant are explicitly unallowable.
Relevant References:
2 CFR Part 200 - Uniform Guidance (Subpart E - Cost Principles)
2 CFR §200.403 - Factors affecting allowability of costs
2 CFR §200.422 - Lobbying
2 CFR §200.449 - Interest
C). materials and supplies

NEW QUESTION # 101
A federal agency submits its budget request to which of the following?

A. the U.S. Department of the Treasury
B. OMB
C. Congress
D. GAO

Answer: B

Explanation:
Federal agencies submit their budget requests to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), which reviews, analyzes, and makes recommendations to the President. After OMB review, the final version of the President's Budget is submitted to Congress.
Other roles:
Treasury: Manages federal finances, not budget formulation.
GAO: Audits and provides oversight to Congress.
Congress: Receives and authorizes the budget but does not initially review agency requests.
Relevant References:
OMB Circular A-11 - Preparation and Submission of Budget Estimates
GAO Budget Glossary
U).S. Code Title 31 - Role of OMB
B). OMB

NEW QUESTION # 102
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