更新的CKA測試引擎擁有模擬真實考試環境與場境的軟件VCE版本＆值得信任的Linux Foundation CKA

Fast2test是個可以為所有有關於IT認證考試提供資料的網站。Fast2test可以為你提供最好最新的考試資源。選擇Fast2test你可以安心的準備你的Linux Foundation CKA考試。我們的培訓才料可以保證你100%的通過Linux Foundation CKA認證考試，如果沒有通過我們將全額退款並且會迅速的更新考試練習題和答案，但這幾乎是不可能發生的。Fast2test可以為你通過Linux Foundation CKA的認證考試提供幫助，也可以為你以後的工作提供幫助。雖然有很多方法可以幫你達到你的這些目的，但是選擇Fast2test是你最明智的選擇，Fast2test可以使你花時間更短金錢更少並且更有把握地通過考試，而且我們還會為你提供一年的免費售後服務。

Linux基金會已經成為開源軟件開發領域的先驅，其Certified Kubernetes Administrator（CKA）認證考試是這個事實的證明。Kubernetes已經成為容器編排的事實標準，CKA計劃旨在傳授必要的技能，以便專業人士成為精通這項技術。

>> CKA測試引擎 <<

準確的CKA測試引擎和認證考試的領導者材料和最優質的CKA考試

Fast2test是一個能為很多參加Linux Foundation CKA認證考試的IT行業專業人士提供相關輔導資料來幫助他們拿到Linux Foundation CKA認證證書的網站。Fast2test提供的學習資料是由Fast2test的資深專家的豐富的行業經驗和專業知識研究出來的的，品質是很好，更新速度也非常快。並且我們提供的練習題是和真正的考試題目很接近的，幾乎是一樣的。選擇Fast2test能100%確保你通過你的第一次參加的難度比較高的對你的事業很關鍵的Linux Foundation CKA認證考試。

註冊Kubernetes管理員（CKA）計劃認證考試是一個行業認可的認證，它驗證了個人在部署、管理和疑難排解Kubernetes群集方面的專業知識。該考試旨在測試考生在Kubernetes管理的各個方面，如pod調度、網絡配置、存儲管理和安全方面的實際技能和知識。該認證由Linux基金會提供，該組織旨在促進開源軟件和技術的採用。

CKA 課程是 IT 專業人員展示他們在 Kubernetes 管理方面專業知識的絕佳方式，並推進他們的職業生涯。成為認證的 Kubernetes 管理員可以幫助專業人員在競爭激烈的就業市場中突出重圍，並表明他們對持續學習和專業發展的承諾。CKA 課程對於正在尋找 Kubernetes 管理員的組織來說也是寶貴資源。通過招聘經過認證的 Kubernetes 管理員，組織可以確保他們具有管理 Kubernetes 集群和支持他們的雲原生應用所需的技能和知識。

最新的 Kubernetes Administrator CKA 免費考試真題 (Q63-Q68):

問題 #63
You have a Deployment named 'worker-deployment' that runs a set of worker Pods. You need to configure a PodDisruptionBudget (PDB) for this deployment, ensuring that at least 60% of the worker Pods are always available, even during planned or unplanned disruptions. How can you achieve this?

答案：

解題說明：
See the solution below with Step by Step Explanation.
Explanation:
Solution (Step by Step) :
1. PDB YAML Definition:

2. Explanation: - 'apiVersion: policy/vl ' : Specifies the API version for PodDisruptionBudget resources. - 'kind: PodDisruptionBudget': Specifies that this is a PodDisruptionBudget resource. - 'metadata.name: worker-pdb": Sets the name of the PDB. - 'spec.selector.matchLabels: app: worker': This selector targets the Pods labeled with 'app: worker' , ensuring the PDB applies to the 'worker-deployment' Pods. - 'spec.minAvailable: 60%': Specifies that at least 60% of the total worker Pods must remain available during disruptions. This means that if your deployment has 5 replicas, at least 3 Pods must remain running. 3. How it works: - The 'minAvailable' field in the PDB can be specified as a percentage of the total number of Pods in the deployment or as an absolute number of Pods. In this case, we are using a percentage ('600/0') to ensure a flexible approach to maintaining availability, even if the number of replicas changes. 4. Implementation: - Apply the YAML using 'kubectl apply -f worker-pdb.yaml' 5. Verification: You can verify the PDB's effectiveness by trying to delete Pods or simulating a node failure. The scheduler will prevent actions that would violate the 'minAvailable' constraint, ensuring that at least 60% of the worker Pods remain available.

問題 #64
You are deploying an application on Kubernetes that requires access to a specific external service. This service is only accessible from the cluster network. Describe how you can implement a NetworkPolicy to secure access to the external service from the application pods.

答案：

解題說明：
See the solution below with Step by Step Explanation.
Explanation:
Solution (Step by Step) :
1 . Create a NetworkPolicy for the Application Pods:
- Define a NetworkPolicy rule that allows ingress traffic from the application pods to the external service. This policy should be applied to the namespace where the application pods are running.

2. Configure Network Access to the External Service: - Ensure that the external service is accessible from the cluster network. This might involve using a dedicated load balancer, a service proxy, or a network tunnel. 3. Implement a Service for the External Service: - Create a Kubernetes Service to represent the external service and expose it within the cluster. This service can be a headless service, which doesn't provide a public endpoint, as the external service is only accessible from the cluster network.

4. Verify Network Policy Configuration: - Verify that the NetworkPolicy is applied correctly and that the application pods can access the external service. Use 'kubectl get networkpolicies myapp-networkpolicy' to check the policy status and 'kubectl describe pod myapp-XXXX' (where XXXX is a pod name) to check the pod's network configuration.

問題 #65
You must connect to the correct host.
Failure to do so may result in a zero score.
[candidate@base] $ ssh Cka000056
Task
Review and apply the appropriate NetworkPolicy from the provided YAML samples.
Ensure that the chosen NetworkPolicy is not overly permissive, but allows communication between the frontend and backend Deployments, which run in the frontend and backend namespaces respectively.
First, analyze the frontend and backend Deployments to determine the specific requirements for the NetworkPolicy that needs to be applied.
Next, examine the NetworkPolicy YAML samples located in the ~/netpol folder.
Failure to comply may result in a reduced score.
Do not delete or modify the provided samples. Only apply one of them.
Finally, apply the NetworkPolicy that enables communication between the frontend and backend Deployments, without being overly permissive.

答案：

解題說明：
Task Summary
* Connect to host cka000056
* Review existing frontend and backend Deployments
* Choose one correct NetworkPolicy from the ~/netpol directory
* The policy must:
* Allow traffic only from the frontend Deployment to the backend Deployment
* Avoid being overly permissive
* Apply the correct NetworkPolicy without modifying any sample files
Step-by-Step Instructions
Step 1: SSH into the correct node
ssh cka000056
Step 2: Inspect the frontend Deployment
Check the labels used in the frontend Deployment:
kubectl get deployment -n frontend -o yaml
Look under metadata.labels or spec.template.metadata.labels. Note the app or similar label (e.g., app:
frontend).
Step 3: Inspect the backend Deployment
kubectl get deployment -n backend -o yaml
Again, find the labels assigned to the pods (e.g., app: backend).
Step 4: List and review the provided NetworkPolicies
List the available files:
ls ~/netpol
Check the contents of each policy file:
cat ~/netpol/<file-name>.yaml
Look for a policy that:
* Has kind: NetworkPolicy
* Applies to the backend namespace
* Uses a podSelector that matches the backend pods
* Includes an ingress.from rule that references the frontend namespace using a namespaceSelector (and optionally a podSelector)
* Does not allow traffic from all namespaces or all pods
Here's what to look for in a good match:
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: NetworkPolicy
metadata:
name: allow-frontend-to-backend
namespace: backend
spec:
podSelector:
matchLabels:
app: backend
ingress:
- from:
- namespaceSelector:
matchLabels:
name: frontend
Even better if the policy includes:
- namespaceSelector:
matchLabels:
name: frontend
podSelector:
matchLabels:
app: frontend
This limits access to pods in the frontend namespace with a specific label.
Step 5: Apply the correct NetworkPolicy
Once you've identified the best match, apply it:
kubectl apply -f ~/netpol/<chosen-file>.yaml
Apply only one file. Do not alter or delete any existing sample.
ssh cka000056
kubectl get deployment -n frontend -o yaml
kubectl get deployment -n backend -o yaml
ls ~/netpol
cat ~/netpol/*.yaml # Review carefully
kubectl apply -f ~/netpol/<chosen-file>.yaml
Command Summary
ssh cka000056
kubectl get deployment -n frontend -o yaml
kubectl get deployment -n backend -o yaml
ls ~/netpol
cat ~/netpol/*.yaml # Review carefully
kubectl apply -f ~/netpol/<chosen-file>.yaml

問題 #66
You have a Deployment that runs a containerized application. The application requires access to a specific service running in a different namespace. You need to define a NetworkPolicy to allow traffic from the application's Pods to the service in the other namespace only on port 8080.

答案：

解題說明：
See the solution below with Step by Step Explanation.
Explanation:
Solution (Step by Step) :
1. Network Policy Definition:

2. Explanation: - 'apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1 Specifies the API version for NetworkPolicy resources. - 'kind: NetworkPolicy': Specifies that this is a NetworkPolicy resource. - 'metadata.name: allow-service-access': Sets the name of the NetworkPolicy. - 'metadata.namespace: Specifies the namespace where the NetworkPolicy is applied. Replace with the actual namespace where your deployment is running. - 'spec.podSelector.matchLabels: app: application': This selector targets Pods labeled with 'app: application', ensuring the NetworkPolicy applies to the application Pods. - 'spec.egress.to.namespaceSelector.matchLabels: service-namespace: This allows outgoing traffic only to the namespace labeled with 'service-namespace: Replace with the actual namespace of the service. - 'spec.egress.ports.port: 8080': This allows communication only on port 8080. - 'spec.egress.ports.protocol: TCP': Specifies the protocol (TCP) for the allowed port. 3. How it works: - This NetworkPolicy allows outgoing traffic from the application Pods only to the specified service in the different namespace and only on port 8080. It effectively restricts communication from the application Pods to only the intended target service. 4. Implementation: - Apply the YAML using 'kubectl apply -f allow-service-access.yaml' 5. Verification: After applying the NetworkPolicy, test the connectivity from the application Pods to the service in the other namespace on port 8080. You should observe that the NetworkPolicy successfully enforces the restrictions, allowing access only to the specified port and service.]

問題 #67
Check the image version in pod without the describe command

答案：

解題說明：
kubectl get po nginx -o jsonpath='{.spec.containers[].image}{" "}'

問題 #68
......

CKA考試: https://tw.fast2test.com/CKA-premium-file.html